Sand Calculator

How much sand do you need — in cubic yards and tons at once, plus bags for small jobs. Pick the sand type, the area and the depth, and order in whichever unit your supplier uses.

Units
Typical figure for the type — densities vary with moisture, so confirm with your supplier and edit.
1″ bedding under pavers; 2–4″ for fill and play areas.
~10% covers spillage, screeding loss and settling.
From your bag — 0.5 ft³ is a common size.

Volume × density only. Densities are representative figures for each sand type and vary a lot with moisture and grading — confirm with your supplier and edit the field. Cost uses the prices you enter; not a quote.

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How much sand do I need?

Multiply the area by the depth for volume, then convert to weight with the sand’s density — the same supplier-unit problem as gravel: you measure by area, they sell by the ton or the cubic yard.

cubic yards = areaft² × (depthin ÷ 12) ÷ 27
tons = cubic yards × densitytons/yd³
bags = ft³ ÷ bag sizeft³

A 10×10 ft sandbox area at 4″ is 33.3 ft³ ≈ 1.23 yd³ — about 1.7 tons of dry sand, or 67 half-cubic-foot bags. The calculator shows yards, tons, tonnes, m³ and bags together, and sums as many rectangles, circles and triangles as your site needs.

How do I convert yards of sand to tons?

Multiply cubic yards by the density in tons per cubic yard. Most sand falls between 1.3 and 1.6 tons per cubic yard (roughly 100–120 lb/ft³): dry sand sits near the bottom of that range, damp or compacted sand near the top, because water in the voids adds weight without adding volume. So a yard of dry sand is about 2,700 lb, while the same yard delivered damp can push 3,200 lb. One ton is roughly 0.6–0.75 yd³ depending on moisture. The presets below load a representative figure you can edit to your supplier’s number.

Sand density by type

These are typical planning figures — actual densities vary with moisture and grading, so treat them as starting points and confirm with your supplier.

Sand typeTypical density (tons/yd³)Common use
Dry sand1.35General fill, dry climates
Damp / delivered sand1.55Bulk loads as they arrive
Masonry / mortar sand1.49Mortar, stucco, render
Fill sand1.50Compacted fill, trenches
Paver bedding sand1.401″ screeded bed under pavers
Washed concrete sand1.45Concrete mixes, bedding
Play sand1.35Sandboxes, washed & screened

Masonry sand for mortar, stucco and render

Masonry (mortar) sand is finer and cleaner than fill sand, which is why it’s the one specified for mortar and stucco. If you’re field-mixing, the stucco calculator and brick & mortar calculator figure the sand and cement split at your ratio — use this page when you just need the bulk sand quantity in tons or yards for the order.

Irregular areas, depth and waste

Add as many shapes as the site needs — rectangles, circles and triangles sum into one total, so a path plus a sandbox plus a paver bed is three quick entries. Typical depths: 1″ screeded bedding under pavers, 2–4″ for fill layers and play areas. Add ~10% waste for screeding loss and settling.

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Frequently asked questions

How many tons is a yard of sand?

Roughly 1.3–1.6 tons depending on moisture — about 1.35 dry, up to ~1.6 damp. Multiply your cubic yards by the density figure for your sand; the calculator does it live.

How much does a ton of sand cover?

At ~1.35 tons/yd³, one ton is about 0.74 yd³ = 20 ft³, which covers roughly 240 ft² at 1″, 120 ft² at 2″, or 60 ft² at 4″. Enter your real depth above rather than relying on one rule of thumb.

How many bags of sand do I need?

Divide the cubic feet by your bag’s volume — a common 0.5 ft³ bag means about 54 bags per cubic yard. Bag sizes vary, so the bag field is editable; for more than 15–20 bags, bulk by the ton is usually far cheaper.

What sand goes under pavers?

A 1″ screeded bed of coarse, washed bedding (concrete) sand — not fine play sand, which holds water and shifts. The paver calculator figures the bedding layer together with the pavers and base; this page handles the bulk sand order itself.

Is this the same as the gravel calculator?

Same math, different material and densities. Sand runs ~1.3–1.6 tons/yd³ with moisture the big variable; crushed stone and gravel run ~1.2–1.7 with grading the variable. Use the gravel calculator for stone so the presets fit.